Having read this article in Inquirer, I was again reminded by my fascination with the patriotism of South Koreans. There were a lot of similarities between South Korea and the Philippine’s history timeline, but seeing things now, it’s an undeniable fact that the Philippines is really far behind South Korea.
(the real)Liberation:
The Philippines – 1946 (from the US)
South Korea – 1953 (after the Korean War)
Based on the years above, both started in almost the same decade.
Let’s put the spotlight in the Philippines first:
1946 – Start of the actual Philippine government establishment. A constitution was created based on the US constitutional law.
1960s- this is a period of great economic growth. The Philippines was considered by many as one of the wealthiest countries in Asia. The South Koreans envied us. Ferdinand Marcos was the incumbent president during this period.
1972 – Martial Law was declared. There were several protests everywhere in the country but still economic development continued but with excessive fundings.
1987 – With Marcos out of power through EDSA people revolution, a new government arose. This time headed by Corazon Aquino, the wife of the assassinated opposition leader during Marcos regime. Slow economic growth was brought by huge national debt, coup ‘d etat, and Islamic conflict in the south.
1992 – Ramos Administration. The country was named as one of the Tiger economies of Asia but was short lived due to the 1997 East Asian financial crisis.
Present – Continuous corruption which brought about a very slow economic growth in the Philippines.
So what about South Korea:
1953 – the government of South Korea has finally started to be established after the Korean war. Since the country has just gotten out of war, South Korea was considered as one of the poorest nation during that time.
1960s – Park Chung hee, South Korea’s greatest leader but also considered as a ruthless military dictator headed the South’s aggressive economic growth plan. It was short-lived as he was assassinated in 1979.
1980s and beyond – Though marked with a lot of protest in the entire South Korea, economic growth of the nation continued to rise. The fruit of Park Chung Hee’s economic plan has continued to bring great economic growth to the country. Though they were also severely affected by the Asian Crisis of 1997, they were quick to recover and the country is now known as one of the Four Asian Tigers.
There are a lot of similarities in this timeline. Both countries were victims of previous wars. Both were once headed by a vicious leader that brought the country to economic success. Although the Philippines were first to achieve great economic growth, at the end of the century, the South Koreans were able to surpass it. Both were poor countries from the start but the former had been stuck into being what they were used to be known. And both, are from one region, which is Asia.
It is surprising to see how these two almost equally same countries can now seem to be so apart. Corruption is not an unfamiliar issue in South Korea too, but somehow they were able to manage to get out of that stronghold. As early as the the 1960s, the South Koreans were already sending out contract workers, remitting back money to their country. You’re see the Filipinos engaging in the same situation now. While South Koreans bring home the technology and the knowledge they gained from working overseas during that time, the Filipinos choose to stay and continue to live and never come back.
What can have brought to this difference? The article mentioned Patriotism, but is this the only ingredient that is lost in the economic recipe of the Philippines? If all of us are Patriotic, would that alone give the Philippines its long awaited economic success?
Looking back at the history, the Philippines were once inhabited by different barangays which was headed by different sultans. Since the Philippines in an archipelago country, each of these islets became small countries itself, having different dialects and culture as well. If you ask a Filipino who is from different parts of the Philippines, they will give great pride to their origins, since for them, they are Cebuano/Ilokano/Ilonggo. You can’t hide the fact that there is regional belongingness among Filipinos. I believe one factor that is lacking in us Filipinos is the central nationalistic awareness. Filipinos have to break free from the notion that each only belong to their own groups, Cebuanos/Ilokano/Ilonggo or only part of certain religion such as Islam, INC, etc. Though they speak in different languages, they stand in the same archipelago. They stand for the same flag. They have the same ancestors. They are all Filipinos.
Seeing that the recent issue of the DSWD brought a temporary nationalistic wind among Filipinos, I do hope that this can intensify and far reach into broader horizons. This hopefully will be the start of a new revolution. Hoping that in the future, the Philippines will also be known as one of the greatest economy in Asia.
Resources:
Wikipedia – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_korea, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines
Korea, The original mind map of the Korean consciousness by Won-bok RHIE